Unity sorting layer vs layer

Unity sorting layer vs layer. Layers: Use these throughout the Unity Editor as a way to create groups of objects that share particular characteristics (see documentation on Layers for further details). Make non-sprite render in front of Jun 16, 2018 · I have tried some solution such like using sorting layers, setting HP bar as higher layers in sorting layer and setting the 3D house as lower layer, but it doesn't work. This is the unique id assigned to the layer. Sprite Renderers have an entirely different property called Sorting Layer which belongs exclusively to the sprite renderer component and has nothing to do May 27, 2015 · 161. If you're doing this in code, you can access GetComponent<SpriteRenderer> (). The weird thing is that if I place the sprites in some of my old sorting layers, and no lights are targeting The Sorting Layers list, showing four custom sorting layers. Oct 15, 2013 · If you change Order In Layer every 3 integers/position instead of every 1, it is really closer to the floating point limitation for positions (32767 * 3 = almost 99999). what's the problem here? unity-game-engine May 1, 2008 · You can tag things all you want as you've got a practically unlimited number of tags. They will behave as if the z-position is where the parent sprite is (so, the feet). I’m trying to use sorting layer for a material so that the mesh that uses it shows on top of a sprite. It is not an ordered running value and it should not be used to compare with other layers to determine the sorting order. Renderer's order within a sorting layer. You can simply add a "Sorting Group" component to your Card prefab. This is called the SortingLayer . KelsoMRK,Jan 23, 2015. repeat step 3 just this time select the EnemyLayer instead of adding a sorting layer. Apr 19, 2022 · I've got a new sprite shader up and mostly working, but there's a few hitches I haven't been able to get past yet: - The shader seems to completely ignore the SpriteRenderer flip x/y param. Add two new layers one for parent and one for child. I need to change its render order realtime, so i have to change the render order of head,body and foot itself. via the Renderer. Dec 10, 2009 · 1) Create a shader that increments the stencil buffer whenever the mask is rendered. Environment: Windows and Mac Ray cast with layers. See in Glossary is a standard integer, but a layerMask is an integer Description. In this Unity 2D tutorial we'll learn How to use SORTING LAYER. Create two Point Lights (call them A, and B) and two Spheres (call them C, and D ). Order In Layer: Set the render priority of the Sprite within its Sorting Layer. Use Layers throughout the Unity Editor as a way to create groups of objects that share particular characteristics (see documentation on Layers for further details). Assigning Objects to Layers: — Select the game object in the hierarchy. For instance, if the sorting later on one sprite is 10, and the sorting layer on another is 5, since 10 is greater than 5, the sprite with the sorting layer of 10 will appear on top / in front of the one with 5. your pillar in the middle should be constructed something like this. Layers. sortingLayerID = SortingLayer. However when you set your Render Queue of the Cube to +1 it will render the Cube last. Please <a>try again</a> in a few minutes. User Layers primarily to restrict operations such as raycasting or rendering, so that they are only applied to But in Unity, I found out that we have to use a global value to sort 2d render - SortingLayer and SortingOrder. Laiken, yale3d, davidrochin and 1 other person like this. Also, the mesh is created dynamically, and in it (MeshRenderer) i set the sorting layer. Sorting Groups with a Sorting Layer lower in the order are overlaid by those in a higher Sorting Layer. See in Glossary window, select the Mar 7, 2018 · My line renderer, if z:90, must have a layer order > 0, or a z value < 90. Nov 17, 2022 · All renderers do have a Sorting Layer and Order in Layer, Multiple Sprite animation layers overlayed in Unity Animator. Watch this video in context on Unity's learning pages here -http://unity3d. So you can change the Sorting Layer to the layer that you want Jan 30, 2014 · This is pretty bad advice as layering is the first go-to in improving physics simulation performance. More info Mar 16, 2013 · A Unity ID allows you to buy and/or subscribe to Unity products and services, shop in the Asset Store and participate in the Unity community. ) Back is for a background image and stars, middle for mountains and front for the UI Of course, sprites have an order layer, but the Image component has nothing at first glance, and I looked at Unity's manual, there seems to be no way to change it. - The shader does not respect the SpriteRenderer's sorting layer and/or order in layer params. But no matter how much fiddling I do with Pos Z, Sorting Layers, or hierarchy sorting, the image is always in front of the objects. This will make your objects calculate the Y position based on the individual tile's position. (1 position = 1 pixel). Open the project that you have just copied the preset to. To set the Sorting Layers for your project, open Edit > Project Settings > Tags and Layers. The lower the number you give it, the further back the GameObject appears. My in-editor FPS was ~80 and is now Mar 14, 2014 · Which restricts to only the known values in the enum. Nov 6, 2015 · 1,496. The sorting order decides what priority each GameObject has to the Renderer within each Sorting Layer. Sorting Layers are on sprites, which tell what order the camera should see the sprites in the seen. Click the dropdown and select "Add Sorting Layer". Project 1 has Following Sorting Layers: Project 1 is my main project. You can check out the Frame Debugger to see the results of this. So, it gives you a 0 if no bits match. Posts: 5,148. GameObjects don't have sorting layers. Dec 30, 2016 · Back Camera: depth = -5, Back Canvas: Sorting layer - BackLayer, Camera: depth = 0, Middle Canvas: Sorting layer - MiddleLayer, Camera: depth = 10, Front Canvas: Sorting layer - FrontLayer, Orders in canvases are also set (for SpriteRenderers, images, ui etc. 🌍 Get the Complete Builder-Defender Course! https://unitycodemonkey. Oct 4, 2014 · Posts: 4. I sincerely hope you weren’t stuck on this for a year. Go into your project settings and set the transparency sort mode to custom axes and put 0 / 1 / 0 (x,y,z) In generell than the sorting depends on the y position of a sprite. Am I correct that a Sorting Layer setting overrides a Order in Layer which in turn overrides actual Z Depth setting? ie 2 objects with same sorting layer Nov 2, 2012 · LeftyRighty. Tags and Layers マネージャーで、最初の 8 つの Builtin Layer は Unity によって使用されるデフォルトなので、編集することはできません。. Actual Result: Sorting layer is unassigned for the enemy, as a result, game objects are not being rendered on playing the scene. First of all there a whole pipeline of sorting, starting from layer, order and Y value, maybe even more, I'm not sure. I currently have Light2D objects being generated dynamically during level generation which works fine except I cant find a way to set the Target Sorting Layers option Jan 11, 2014 · Open Sprite Renderer component (if not there add it by modifying sprite of enemy)Click on Sorting Layer and select “Add Sorting Layer”. In unity alone there's various kinds of layers, there's bit layers used to segregate physics objects. Then prepare the character. I have sorting groups set up to ensure layer sorting when the player moves up and down the y-axis. layer which is the "other" Layer, not the SortingLayer. My game object simply has a Rect Transform, Canvas renderer, an Image component, and a Grid Layout Element (Plus some scripts). Sorting Layer는 못한다. Expected Result: Sorting layers should be assigned on importing the package from the asset store and on upgrading the project from older unity version. I need to merge these both projects. T his is how I currently understand them: A newly 2D project has automatically defined the default layer. Open Tags & Layers in the Inspector there. 2) Create a shader (or variation of the first) that decrements the stencil buffer whenever the mask is rendered. Select layer that You created for parent. 4. Sorting Layer and Order in Layer. 0. Whoever has a same problem, try it. Select an existing Sorting Layer from the drop-down box, or create a new Sorting Layer. sortingLayerName = "Background"; trail. Raycast uses. Layer는 Raycast 시 특정 레이어를 제외/포함 할 수 있다. Dandan_Dev. Go to the Canvas Game Object: 2. Mar 9, 2020 · Canvasコンポーネント上のSortingLayerの項目より設定する. In Canvas Component you need to turn the Render Mode from Screen Space - Overlay to Screen Space - Camera: 3. Give its parent gameobject a Sorting Group. Let's learn all about how 2D Sorting works with Sorting Layers and Sorting Order. In the prefab view, for your Card, press "Add Component" in the inspector. This includes camera rendering, lighting, physics collisions, or custom calculations in your own code. if you are using SpriteRenderer on the quads, you can use Order in Layer property in Sprite Renderer's Inspector to make the quad appear in front of other objects. Setting each layer again in project 2 is very Setting up layer-based collision detection. I added a "sorting group" component to my 3DText, and without changing layer name, I changed the "Order in Layer" to 1 (default: 0 ) Jun 13, 2014 · Sorting layer is used in 2D games. You can try to change this setting and see if it works instead of implementing it yourself: Edit > Projecting Settings > Graphics > Transparency Sort Axis setting it to (0, 1, 0) You can find more information related to sorting here. To select a Layer for your GameObjects to belong to, select the GameObject, navigate to the Inspector A Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, asset or project settings, allowing you to inspect and edit the values. Order in Layer. If ZA < ZB, then A is necessarily in front of B? There are no sorting layers, all objects have the same order in layer (but not necessarily the same layer). GetComponent<Renderer>(). Posts: 2,637. See Tags and Layers for information on setting up Sorting Layers. In my case, however, I just wanted the text to appear, so I didn't create any sorting layers. 下図は検証用に複製したSorting GroupのOrder in Layerで描画順を変えてみた状態です。. Furthermore, i changed the editor so that i Jul 29, 2019 · Switching from having the 2D Lights target ~25 sorting layers, to this new configuration where they only target 3 sorting layers (background, "main layer", and foreground - we need at least a couple layers so that we can have lights target the "main layer" but not the background layer, etc) doubled my FPS. To do this, just change the Render Mode in the (foreground) Tilemap component to Individual. Use Layers primarily to restrict operations such as raycasting or rendering The process of drawing graphics to Nov 21, 2018 · Posts: 94. Apr 15, 2021 · Unity URP Light2D, set target sorting layers programmatically. LeftyRighty,Jul 8, 2015. Tilemap Renderer can be set to sort top to bottom, or however you want to view it, this makes it possible to have tiles higher in Y SortingLayer は複数のスプライトのレンダリングの順序を簡単に設定することができます。デフォルトの SortingLayer の名前は最初に追加されるすべてのスプライトはどれでも常に "Default" なります。スプライトのグループのレンダリングの順序の制御を簡単にするために多くの SortingLayers が追加され Nov 18, 2019 · Sorting Groupの描画順は、これまで解説してきた 「Sorting Layer」「Order in Layer」「Z値」 で同様にコントロールできます。. Nov 10, 2015 · Hello! My project is a 2d game. 強制的に前面に描画される扱いなため. I've poked around the generated code, and as far as I can Jul 2, 2018 · I have two unity3d projects, both are using sprite renderers and sorting layers. Jul 11, 2021 · In my 2d Unity project, I have a Canvas with an Image that I want for a Background. Unity uses the concept of sorting layers to allow you to divide sprites into groups for overlay priority. trail. In this tutorial, you'll learn how to use the Layer Editor to create and configure Layers in your projects. Both versions of the arms, the visible and in front and the invisible and behind are parented under the same folder and I keyframe this parent folder. With this construction the most you would have to worry about is the layer order of the torch because everything else can be Enable Rendering Layers in your project. Check it's sorting layer. B. Apr 5, 2008 · Open the project folder in your favorite file explorer and manually copy the preset file to any projects Asset folder that you want to import your Tags & Layers to. That does not mean that the cube is visible on top of the other objects, because of SortingLayer は複数のスプライトのレンダリングの順序を簡単に設定することができます。デフォルトの SortingLayer の名前は最初に追加されるすべてのスプライトはどれでも常に "Default" なります。スプライトのグループのレンダリングの順序の制御を簡単にするために多くの SortingLayers が追加され Oct 7, 2014 · So I created a copy of the same arm and set the order in layer to make it behind the character and made it invisible. User Layers primarily to restrict operations such as raycasting or rendering The process of drawing graphics to Aug 14, 2020 · you are changing the orderInLayer but not the sorting layers: layers have priority over orderInLayer. I tested this by changing Order In Layer every 5, and I didn't notice any difference in my game. Sorting Layer: Set the Sorting Layer of the Sprite, which controls its priority during rendering. For example, I have a Prefab with head, body, and foot inside a gameobject. Canvas canvas having a hard time coming from #D understanding how Unity determines rendering depth using Sorting layers vs Z depth, especially with NGUI. More info. #2. Select your preset. Unity renders layers at the bottom of the list in front of layers at the top. To make Unity render an object on top, give that renderer a higher-priority Sorting Layer. the default setting is to have no sorting layers you will need to create some in order for something to show in the Sorting Layer drop down field of the sprite renderer inspector. You do not need sorting layers for each row. ただし、8 から 31 までの User Layers はカスタマイズできます。. Then in the Project Settings change the sorting to be based on a custom axis (the Y axis). yes, basically you need to press Unity to allow children's Sorting Layer to override the Canvas Scripts assigned sort order. Sorting Layer: Select or add a Sorting Layer from this drop-down menu to determine the Sorting Group’s position in the render queue. Since we want to use Y axis for the rendering we set it to 1. Which, unfortunately, I don't believe exists. Feb 28, 2013 · Sorting layer is tied to renderer per instance, and without the renderer nothing works with the rest of Unity. Just to add onto this thread in case somebody else comes across it. sortingLayerID using SortingLayer. Log in Create a Unity ID Home Submission failed. Sep 4, 2020 · Place several. Enable / disable the desired sorting layers. To make a ray cast ignore a GameObject The fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. Do the same for child but selecting child layer. I ended up writing a companion SpriteExtendedRenderer to manage the states of a MeshRenderer to simulate the behavior of a extended SpriteRenderer, except the sorting point option which seems exclusive to SpriteRenderer. The camera is orthographic. item. more. Oct 30, 2019 · What you changed was the GameObject. Add a TargetSortingLayersSetter component to every light and every shadow caster in your project (I recommend to create a prefab that already includes the component). Instead, they use layerMasks. A layer Layers in Unity can be used to selectively opt groups of GameObjects in or out of certain processes or calculations. Hi, When I add new sorting layers and place sprites within these and no lights at all are targeting these layers the sprites end up being drawn as is. I expect them to be drawn completely black since nothing is lighting them. You can group GameObjects into layers in their SpriteRenderer component. To Order the UI elements you need to: 1. May 19, 2018 · Unity rendering order 整理筆記. Then you will see that the Sorting Layer and Order in Layer appeared. Search for "Sorting Group" and click to add. So sprites can be sorted in this manner, using their pivot, sorting order or custom transparent sorting axis. ただしRenderModeが ScreenSpace - Overlay の場合は設定できない. Sometimes, two or more objects in the same Sorting Layer can overlap (for example, two player characters in a For the exact effect (outside of the light) can be accomplished with 3 simple sorting layers in Unity. I have 2 gameObjects in front of this background. Unity determines the Sorting Layer order by its place in the Sorting Layer settings; it renders Sorting Layers in the order they appear in the list. Since the order of the hierarchy is the order of drawing, Unity has provided us with a neat API calls to sort hierarchy elements. Jul 8, 2013 · Having a hard time coming from 3D understanding how Unity determines rendering depth using Sorting layers vs Z depth, especially with NGUI. You should also create a new "Sorting Layer" for your Card. Y axis gives depth of view, to show objects "closer" to camera. And thank you for taking the time to help us improve the quality of Unity Documentation. Now this is not all. You can use layers to specify which GameObjects that a ray cast can intersect with. Layer는 카메라 컴포넌트의 Culling Mask 옵션을 이용하여 화면에서 보이거나 숨길 수 있다. The Sorting Layer and Order in Layer (in the Renderer’s Property settings) are available to all 2D Renderers through the Inspector A Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, Asset or Project Settings, alowing you to inspect and edit the values. After lots of exploring and testing, I’ve discovered if you’re using the Universal Rendering Pipeline (URP) you have to go to your scene light and tick the sorting layers (see screenshot). See in Glossary in your scenes. I handle the tilemaps and world with sorting layers. Renderers and other things that produce visual output may have a Sorting order that is unrelated to and uninvolved in what Physics. 사실 둘은 아에 다른 놈이다. I am relying heavily on Tilemaps to build an 2d rpg game with an othorgraphic perspective. I essentially have a canvas with a background image, which must be behind everything else, a line renderer (used to connect "dots"), and circle-shaped Images which must be on top. 2 64bits, free, on windows 10. Aug 4, 2021 · Select “Custom Axis” from the list. sortingOrder = 2; Make sure the material of your trail renderer has a shader of type Sprites/Default, otherwise sorting layers wont work. The Sorting Layers list, showing four custom sorting layers. Go to Project Settings > Graphics > URP Global Settings. OverlayなCanvas同士の順序比較はSortOrderを利用する. Tags can't do that. GameObjects have a Layer, which you can optionally use to have Raycast exclude or include specific things it hits, IF you use the version of Raycast This is the unique id assigned to the layer. To use this setting we need to add Sorting Group component to the objects that needs to be sorted in accordance with this setup (for us this will be the house): Since our player and houses are on the same layer ( Sorting This is the unique id assigned to the layer. Think top down view with front facing side visible, in style of JRPG games. The canvas and all its children are locked into one layer. Give the child SpriteRenderers (assuming your character is multiple sprites) Order setting so they render in the right order. There's layers in the animator state machine to segregrate animations that only effect say the legs, vs the rest of the bi-ped. 新しいレイヤーを加えます. You can use layers through the UI (User Interface Sorting Layer and Order in Layer. NameToID("NameOfTheSortingLayer"); Mar 28, 2017 · yes, there is sorting layers for canvas so you could either: add two canvas, each with a different layer or. Click on the sliders icon. The sorting layer is rather changed in the according Renderer component e. Then by using the bitwise and operator (&) it will return any bits that exist in both integers. Name it "Card Layer". setting all pivots to the bottom of the scripts helps a lot there. Position the objects so that both Spheres are within the emission range of Lights. In both cases, it shows on top of my UI. I created new layers in project 1 and then imported project 2 but sorting layers of project 2 are broken . This shader discards a pixel if the mask pixel has alpha above a pre-selected cutoff (something like 0. Oct 20, 2022 · Sorting Layers vs Layers in Unity There’s a difference between Sorting Layers, which are used by some renderer components to manage 2D sorting order, and Layers, which are an organisational tool that can be used on any game object. I’m using unity 5. 3 Jan 6, 2016 · Mình có tham khảo tài liệu của Unity rồi nhưng còn khá mơ hồ, mong các bác giải thích hộ mình. The bigger the Order in Layer is, the more the quad appears in front of all the others. 自從上次 GameJam 體驗在 Unity 中，使用 SpriteRenderer 可直接調整 Sorting layer 來決定 render 順序後，便一直很好奇其背後實作到底是什麼，為什麼改變一個數值便能調整 sprites 在 render 結果的先後順序，而不用調整距離相機 (camera) 的距離來 Here they explain more about Layers and Layermasks. Background - ground - ground 2 - ground The Sorting Layers list, showing four custom sorting layers. This system is useful when building complex systems or aiding in gameplay functionality like collision detection. While "Order" represents priority within this plane. User Layer の 8 から 31 を Nov 2, 2023 · 2. Feb 6, 2018 · To change this, go into the top right corner of the inspector and change “Debug” to “Normal”. Using sorting layer we can easily sort the appearance of sprites. Jul 19, 2006 · Of course, you will still need to create a sorting layer from the "Tags & Layers" window. I feel like this is sort of related to this question. order the object differently in your hierarchy it's bottom/up > back/front. NameToID. Hello, I'm currently learning how to make 2D games but I'm having a difficult time understanding how layers and sorting layers are supposed to work. I believe you are looking for the Sorting Layer option in the Canvas component: You can create a custom layer which renders on top of everything else like so: This does not work. グループ内のスプライトの描画順はそのままで This is the unique id assigned to the layer. Joined: Nov 2, 2012. Not to mention it makes raycasting for specific types of things super easy - and also fast. I would use the convention where layers are for collisions and types of objects (static, GUI, gameobjects, projectiles) while tags is for more code oriented checks such as team, enemy, ship, missile, rock, floor, cloud, player or tank. asafsitner January 8, 2015, 8:41am 2. name: Returns the name of the layer as defined in the TagManager. unity-game-engine. 2d. value: This is the relative value that indicates the sort order of this layer relative to the other layers. Aug 18, 2016 · Sorting Layer는 주요기능이 렌더링 순서이다. +If I add a background image , it will be rendered on the top of the default layer. As the number of objects in o Jan 26, 2021 · This is a property of the gameobject that the components are attached to, so any component wanting to know what layer it is on will see the layer of the game object that it is attached to. Dec 19, 2018 · Feb 26, 2013. Aug 17, 2020 · 1 Answer. Rename Rendering Layer 1 to Red, and Layer 2 to Green. Script上からは以下のように変更する. Am I correct that a Sorting Layer setting overrides a Order in Layer which in turn overrides actual Z Depth setting? Mar 16, 2013 · Kurt-Dekker. GargerathSunman,Oct 22, 2009. The most important function of a sorting layer is that you can override render order without changing the hierarchy. 2. Tags differentiate between objects, while layers sort The Sorting Layers list, showing four custom sorting layers. My UI is still clipping in the sprite below. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. sortingOrder. Im working on a personal 2D game and have been looking into the Universal Pipeline Renderer and the Light2D object. So by default with the same materials the scene might render in this order: Cube, Sphere and lastly Cylinder. 2). From my research, i’ve found that i need a custom shader with ZWrite Off. A layer is a very abstract thing. Sorting Layers are a rendering option in the 2D Pipeline. Jan 3, 2014 · And it works as I expected. Set the render order of this Sorting Group within its Sorting Layer. Aug 7, 2019 · More formally: Let A and B be two objects with z-positions of ZA and ZB, respectively. : May 11, 2016 · What You can do is go to Edit > Project Settings > Tags and Layers there You will have Layers drop down (not Sorting Layers). Aug 2, 2018 · 3. Each canvas can have its own layer, but you need more functionality. Jul 9, 2022 · If necessary create your own material in the Assets folder. So I was using Unity2D the other day, and I was about to change the sorting layer on a certain layer but I realized that the sorting layer option was gone and the layout was completely . com/c Aug 31, 2023 · Key Takeaways. However, you have a limited number of layers. com/learn/tutorials/modules/beginner/2d/sorting-layersSorting Layers and Order in Jun 19, 2015 · vhman said: ↑. May 20, 2018 · Using a single tilemap and a single layer. Jan 8, 2015 · I figured out that you can attach a Canvas component to the UI object and override its main parent’s sorting layer there. g. I tried changing the Rect Transforms Z-Axis, in hopes Oct 20, 2007 · It works because the 1 << layer creates an int with a single bit shifted over layer number times (layer 1 gives you 0001, layer 2 gives you 0010, layer 3 gives you 0100, etc). Also, layers can be used to determine which objects are rendered by cameras and which objects are ignored during raycasts. — In the `Inspector`, find the `Layer` dropdown at the top right and assign the object to your desired layer. Lower numbered Sprites are rendered first, with higher numbered Sprites Nov 7, 2020 · 2. "Sorting Layer"s represents planes. #6. Layers in Unity help indicate functionalities across GameObjects, such as which GameObjects should be ignored by raycasts or are invisible to the camera. In Cocos, I can update the parent object, and Layers are a tool that allows you to separate GameObjects The fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. The Sorting Layer and Order in Layer (in the Renderer’s Property settings) are available to all 2D Renderers through the Inspector A Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, asset or project settings, allowing you to inspect and edit the values. Mình không có xem qua lý thuyết nhưng qua quá trình làm thì mình thấy: Tag là để phân loại, còn Layer thì cũng dùng để phân loại để hiển thị trong màn chơi Nếu hiểu sai nhờ cao Feb 16, 2024 · Submission failed. By default, new sorting layers are not automatically added, hence why when you assign a Feb 7, 2017 · Create a TargetSortingLayers asset. Now select parent and on top of the inspector You have Layers drop down. Repeat steps 2-6 for player sprite also (name the sorting layer as PlayerLayer) N. Use Layers primarily to restrict operations such as raycasting or rendering The process of drawing graphics to Dec 3, 2017 · I'm having a similar issue with light sorting, and the Universal 2D Renderer in general. Like BG1, BG2, Character, FX, FG, UI. Take a look at the following: SetParent SortingLayer は複数のスプライトのレンダリングの順序を簡単に設定することができます。デフォルトの SortingLayer の名前は最初に追加されるすべてのスプライトはどれでも常に "Default" なります。スプライトのグループのレンダリングの順序の制御を簡単にするために多くの SortingLayers が追加され Jan 16, 2021 · This works for all the cases. Fill the property that references the asset. 3. Sorting a Sorting Group. For some reason your suggested change could not be submitted. bh ys ib dr jt pp qf au jx xd